What is Obsessive-compulsive disorder?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder is a condition where you feel compelled to perform certain acts repeatedly because of anxiety or certain fears. For example, you may be obsessed with the fear of getting an infection, and to deal with this fear you repeatedly wash your hands. You may be aware of what you are doing, but your fear dominates your reason, and the anxiety and stress produced can only be relieved by performing the compulsive act.
Symptoms of Obsessive-compulsive disorder
There are 2 parts to this disorder: obsession and compulsion. Obsession symptoms include the fear of contamination, the need to have things in order, fear of not locking the door or switching off the stove, and unpleasant thoughts regarding religion, inappropriate behaviour and sex. Compulsive acts may include repeated washing of your hands until your skin becomes raw, repeatedly checking if the door is locked, counting in a particular pattern, arranging objects in exact order and praying out of unwanted anxiety. You may have both obsession and compulsion, or either one. The symptoms worsen when you are under stress and may interfere with the performance of other activities. OCD is said to be a lifelong disorder that can be time-consuming and disabling.
Diagnosis of Obsessive-compulsive disorder
To diagnose the obsessive-compulsive disorder, your doctor reviews your medical history and performs a thorough physical examination. Your acts of compulsion may leave physical signs like sore hands from excessive washing. Lab tests, including blood tests, thyroid function test and screening for alcohol and drug abuse may be ordered. A psychological evaluation will also be performed.
Treatment for Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Treatment may be required depending on the severity of symptoms and if they are affecting your activities of daily life. Although a complete cure is not achieved, your symptoms can be brought under control. Treatment includes medication and psychotherapy. Exposure and response prevention (ERP) is a type of psychotherapy where you are exposed to your fears and taught how to cope with them without resorting to compulsive behaviour.